Faecal microbiota transplant (FMT), also known as a stool transplant is the process of transferring faecal bacteria and other microbes from a healthy individual into another individual. FMT is an effective treatment for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).
Side effects may include a risk of infections, therefore the donor should be screened. FMT involves restoration of the colonic microflora by introducing healthy bacterial flora through an infusion of stool via colonoscopy, enema, orogastric tube, or by mouth in the form of a capsule containing faeces from a healthy donor, which in some cases is freeze-dried.
With CDI becoming more common, FMT is gaining increasing prominence, with some experts calling for it to become the first-line therapy for CDI. FMT has been used experimentally to treat other gastrointestinal diseases, including colitis, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, and neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's.
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